Endaweni yokwenza iihambhega zamaTshayina, sifuna ukwenza iRoujiamo yehlabathi—ingxubusho emfutshane yemfuza yenkcubeko ekwiTongguan Roujiamo.

ITongguan sisixeko sakudala esigcwele umtsalane wembali. Imekobume yejografi eyodwa kunye nenkcubeko etyebileyo yembali izele ubumnandi bemveliTongguan Roujiamo, ebizwa ngokucacileyo ngokuthi "i-hamburger yaseTshayina". Ayithwali kuphela iimvakalelo kunye neenkumbulo zabantu baseTongguan, kodwa ikwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yokutya yaseTshayina. Ineempawu zenkcubeko ezifana nembali ende, ijografi eyahlukileyo, ubugcisa obukhethekileyo, kunye neentsingiselo ezityebileyo. Lilifa lenkcubeko elingabonakaliyo lePhondo laseShaanxi. Ukuphanda kunye nokugrumba imizila yenkcubeko yaseTongguan Roujiamo kubaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni imvakalelo yabantu yokuzazi kunye nokuzingca ngenkcubeko yamaTshayina kunye nokukhuthaza ukusasazeka kwenkcubeko yamaTshayina kwihlabathi jikelele.

1. I-Tongguan Roujiamo inemvelaphi ende yembali

I-China inenkcubeko yokutya ixesha elide, kwaye phantse yonke into emnandi inemvelaphi yayo ekhethekileyo kunye nebali, kwaye kuyinyaniso nangeTongguan Roujiamo.

Eyona thiyori isasazwe kakhulu kukuba iLaotongguan Roujiamo yaqala ukuvela kwiTang Dynasty yokuqala. Kuthiwa uLi Shimin wayekhwele ihashe esoyisa ihlabathi. Xa wayedlula ngaseTongguan, wangcamla iTongguan Roujiamo waza wayincoma kakhulu esithi: “Iyamangalisa, iyamangalisa, iyamangalisa, ndandingazi ukuba kukho ubumnandi obunje emhlabeni.” Wayibiza ngoko nangoko ngokuthi: “ITongguan Roujiamo.” Enye ithiyori ikholelwa ngakumbi kwisikhululo seposi kwi-Tang Dynasty, iTongguan yayiyindlela yezothutho edibanisa amaThafa aseMntla-ntshona, kunye nokudlula okubalulekileyo kwindlela yeSilk. kunye notshintshiselwano lwenkcubeko olwahlukeneyo lwenza ukuba inkcubeko yokutya yasekhaya ibe sisityebi ngakumbi Ukuze unikeze abakhweli ukutya ekulula ukukuthwala kunye nokutya, isikhululo seposi sasika i-barbecue ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci kwaye siyifake kwi-Tongguan Roujiamo yokuqala Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuqaliswa "kwenyama yehagu" kunye "ne-hu cake", abenzi be-bun abaqhumayo baqhubeka nokuphucula iindlela zokuvelisa i-Tongguan Roujiamo, kwaye bagqiba inkqubo yeebhanti eziqhumayo kunye nenyama, iikeyiki zenyama yenkomo kunye nenyama, kunye Iibhanti ezijikelezayo eziliwaka kunye nokuvela kwamaqebengwana enyama, iindlela zokuvelisa kunye neenkqubo ziye zaba lula kwaye zikhawuleza, kwaye incasa iye yanda kakhulu ngexesha le-Qianlong ye-Qing Dynasty. eTshayina. Emva kokusekwa kweRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina, iindlela zokuvelisa zaphuculwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ekugqibeleni zaguqukela ekubeni bubumnandi obukhethekileyo namhlanje.

Akukho bungqina bembali obubambekayo bokungqina la mabali embali ayintsomi, kodwa baphathisa iminqweno yabantu bakudala baseShaanxi ngobomi obungcono obufana nokuhlangana kwakhona, imvisiswano kunye nolonwabo. Bakwanika iRoujiamo umbala otyebileyo wenkcubeko, evumela izizukulwana ezizayo ukuba zifunde ngayo ngamabali anomdla. I-Roujiamo idluliselwe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana, isenza inkumbulo yokutya eqhelekileyo yabantu baseTongguan. Uphuhliso kunye nendaleko yeTongguan Roujiamo ibonisa ubulumko bokusebenza nzima, ukungafihli kunye nonyamezelo lwabantu baseTongguan kunye nengqondo yabo yenkcubeko yokufunda kumandla abanye. Yenza kwakhona amashwamshwam emveli aseTongguan awodwa kwinkcubeko yokutya kwaye iye yaba yinto eqaqambileyo yenkcubeko yoMlambo oMthubi.

2. I-Tongguan Roujiamo inombala wengingqi owahlukileyo

I-China inommandla omkhulu, kwaye imimandla eyahlukeneyo ineenkcubeko zokutya ezahlukeneyo. Ezi nkcubeko zokutya azibonisi kuphela amasiko kunye nezithethe zendawo, kodwa zibonisa nemvelaphi yembali kunye nenkcubeko yemimandla eyahlukeneyo. I-Tongguan Roujiamo ineempawu zenkcubeko ezahlukileyo ze-Yellow River Basin emantla.

Umhlaba kunye namanzi zixhasa abantu, kwaye ukubunjwa kwencasa yendawo kuhambelana ngqo nokusingqongileyo kunye neemveliso zemozulu. Ukwenziwa kweTongguan Roujiamo ayinakwahlulwa kwiimveliso ezityebileyo kwindawo yaseGuanzhong. Ithafa elikhulu laseGuanzhong linamaxesha onyaka ahlukileyo, imozulu efanelekileyo, namanzi achumileyo kunye nomhlaba owondliwe nguMlambo i-Wei. Yindawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwezityalo. Ibe yenye yeendawo zezolimo ezidumileyo kwimbali yaseTshayina ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo. Ngenxa yothutho olulula, ijikelezwe ziintaba nemilambo eyingozi. Ukususela kwi-Western Zhou Dynasty, Ukususela ngoko, ii-10 dynasties, kuquka i-Qin, i-Western Han, i-Sui kunye ne-Tang, ziye zaseka iinqununu zazo kumbindi we-Guanzhong Plain, eyahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwewaka. I-Shaanxi yindawo yokuzalwa yenkcubeko yamaTshayina yamandulo. Kwangexesha leNeolithic Age, amawaka amahlanu okanye amathandathu eminyaka eyadlulayo, "abemi baseBanpo Village" eXi'an babefuye iihagu. Kangangamawaka eminyaka, abantu bebesoloko benesithethe sokufuya imfuyo neenkukhu. Ingqolowa yodidi oluphezulu efumaneka eGuanzhong kunye nokuzala kweehagu ezinkulu kubonelela ngezithako ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezaneleyo zokuvelisa iRoujiamo.

Zininzi iibrendi zamandulo zeRoujiamo eTongguan, ezidluliselwe kumakhulu eminyaka. Ukuhamba ungene kwiHolo yeMyuziyam yeNkcubeko yaseTongguan Roujiamo, umhombiso wamandulo wenza abakhenkethi bazive ngathi babuyele kwindawo yokuhlala yakudala, kwaye beve umoya oqinileyo wembali kunye namasiko abantu. Abenzi be-bun be-steam basasetyenziselwa ukukrazula izikhonkwane zabo zokubonisa izakhono zabo kunye nokutsala abathengi. Ezi mpawu zongeza umtsalane okhethekileyo kunye nexabiso lenkcubeko kwinkcubeko yokutya yaseTongguan, egcwele iimpawu ezinamandla zasekhaya kunye neemvakalelo zobuntu. Ngexesha leminyhadala ebalulekileyo kunye nolwamkelo, iTongguan Roujiamo kufuneka ibeyinto emnandi ekonwabisa iindwendwe. Iphinde ibe sisipho abantu baseTongguan abasoloko besizisa kwizalamane nabahlobo xa bephuma. Imele ukuxabisa kwabantu baseTongguan ukuhlangana kwakhona kosapho, ubuhlobo kunye neminyhadala yemveli. kunye nengqalelo. Ngo-2023, i-China Cuisine Association yanikezela iTongguan ngesihloko esithi "IsiXeko seLandmark kunye noKutya okuKhethekileyo kweRoujiamo".

3. I-Tongguan Roujiamo inezakhono ezigqwesileyo zokuvelisa

IiNoodles ngowona mxholo kwingingqi yase Guanzhong kwiPhondo lase Shaanxi, kwaye iTongguan Roujiamo yinkokeli kwiinoodles. Inkqubo yemveliso yeTongguan Roujiamo inamanyathelo amane: inyama yehagu eqhotsiweyo, ukuxova i-noodles, ukwenza iikeyiki kunye nokufaka inyama. Inkqubo nganye ineresiphi yayo eyimfihlo. Kukho iiresiphi eziyimfihlo zehagu eqhotsiweyo, amaxesha amane okuxova i-noodles, izakhono ezizodwa zokwenza amaqebengwana, kunye nezakhono ezikhethekileyo zokuhlohla inyama.

I-Tongguan Roujiamo yenziwe ngomgubo wengqolowa okumgangatho ophezulu, oxutywe namanzi ashushu,IiNoodle zealkalinekunye nenyama yehagu, ixovulwe ibe yintlama, iqengqeleke ibe yimicu, iqengqeleke ibe ngamaqebengwana, abhakwe kwi-oveni ekhethekileyo de umbala ulungelelene kwaye ikeyiki ijike ibe tyheli. khupha. Iikeyiki zembewu yeesame eziliwaka ezisanda kubhakwa zifakwe ngaphakathi, kwaye ulusu lubhityile kwaye lucrispy, njenge-puff pastry. Xa uluma, intsalela iya kuwa kwaye itshise umlomo wakho. Incasa kakhulu. Inyama yeTongguan Roujiamo yenziwe ngokufunxwa kunye nokutshiza isisu sehagu kwimbiza yesityu enefomula ekhethekileyo kunye nezinongo. Inyama intsha kwaye ithambile, isuphu ityebile, ityebile kodwa ayinamafutha, ibhityile kodwa ayinamthi, kwaye incasa inetyuwa kwaye imnandi. , incasa enzulu. Indlela yokutya iTongguan Roujiamo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Inika ingqalelo "iibhondi ezishushu kunye nenyama ebandayo", nto leyo ethetha ukuba kufuneka usebenzise iipanekuku ezishushu ezisanda kubhakwa kwisangweji yenyama ebandayo ephekiweyo, ukuze amanqatha enyama akwazi ukungena kwi-buns, kunye nenyama kunye neebhondi zinokuxutywa kunye. , i-soft and crispy, iphunga lenyama kunye nengqolowa ihlanganiswe ngokugqibeleleyo, ivuselela i-diners' sense of smell, i-taste and touch at the same time, ibenze bajabulele kwaye bangene kuyo.

I-Tongguan Roujiamo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kukhethwe izithako ezikhethiweyo, indlela ekhethekileyo yokwenza amaqebelengwane eekeyiki kunye nehagu eqhotsiweyo, okanye indlela yokutya "iibhanti ezishushu kunye nenyama ebandayo", zonke zibonisa ubukrelekrele, ukunyamezelana kunye nengqondo evulekileyo yabantu baseTongguan, bebonakalisa. Qonda indlela yokuphila kunye neengcamango ezintle zabantu baseTongguan.

4. I-Tongguan Roujiamo inesiseko esihle selifa

"Elona lifa lihle kakhulu kwimbali kukudala imbali entsha; eyona mbeko inkulu kwimpucuko yabantu kukudala uhlobo olutsha lwempucuko yabantu." ITongguan Roujiamo lilifa lenkcubeko elixabisekileyo, kwaye iNqila yaseTongguan iphonononga nzulu izinto zembali nenkcubeko yeTongguan Roujiamo. , ukunika ixesha elitsha lenkcubeko.

Ukuvumela abantu abaninzi ukuba bangcamle ukutya okuluncuthu kweTongguan kwaye bavumele iTongguan Roujiamo ukuba iphume eTongguan, iingcibi ze-bun ezishushu ziye zenza izinto ezintsha ezibukhali kwaye zaphanda kwaye zaphuhlisa itekhnoloji yemveliso yeTongguan Roujiamo, itekhnoloji ekhawulezayo yokukhenkceza kunye nezixhobo ezibandayo, ezingagcinanga kakhulu ukugcina I-Tongguan Roujiamo Incasa yoqobo yeRoujiamo iphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ivumela iTongguan Roujiamo ukuba iphume eTongguan, eShaanxi, phesheya, kwaye iye kumawakawaka amakhaya. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, iTongguan Roujiamo isasungula kwaye iphuhlisa, kwaye yazisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zencasa ezintsha, ezinje ngeRoujiamo eqholiweyo, ikhaphetshu ecoliweyo iRoujiamo, njl., ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokungcamla zabantu abahlukeneyo kunye nokudala iShaanxi Umzekelo oyimpumelelo wenguquko. amashwamshwam alapha ekhaya ukuya kushishino, isikali kunye nomgangatho. Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo loshishino lweRoujiamo lukhokelele kuphuhliso lwenkqubo yotyalo-mali olupheleleyo olubandakanya ukutyalwa kwengqolowa, ukuzala kweehagu, imveliso kunye nokulungiswa, ukuthuthwa kwekhonkco elibandayo, ukuthengiswa kwe-intanethi kunye nokuthengiswa ngaphandle kwe-intanethi, kunye nezinto zokupakisha, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezolimo kunye nokunyusa ingeniso yabantu.

5. I-Tongguan Roujiamo inamandla okusasaza amandla

Ukuzithemba kwenkcubeko yeyona nto isisiseko, inzulu kwaye inamandla ahlala ehleli. Kubantu baseShaanxi, iRoujiamo ezandleni zabo iluphawu lwe-nostalgia, inkumbulo kunye nokulangazelela izibiliboco zedolophu yabo. Amagama amathathu athi "Roujiamo" adityaniswe emathanjeni nasegazini, athatha iingcambu kwimiphefumlo yabo. Ukutya i-Roujiamo Akukona nje ukuzaliswa kwesisu, kodwa kunye nohlobo lozuko, uhlobo lwentsikelelo entliziyweni okanye uhlobo lokwaneliseka ngokomoya kunye nekratshi. Ukuzithemba kwezoqoqosho kubangela ukuzithemba kwinkcubeko. UTong ubakhathalele abantu abavela kwihlabathi liphela kwaye wandise ishishini lakhe kwihlabathi. Okwangoku, kukho ngaphezu kwe-10,000 yeevenkile ze-Tongguan Roujiamo kwilizwe lonke, ezineevenkile eziphathekayo eziseMpuma Yurophu kwaye zithunyelwa e-Australia, e-United States, e-United Kingdom, eKhanada, eMzantsi Korea nakwamanye amazwe kunye nemimandla. I-Tongguan Roujiamo ayigqithisi kuphela incasa eyodwa ye-Shaanxi cuisine, kodwa iphakamisa ukuqondwa kunye nokuzithemba kwabantu baseShaanxi kwinkcubeko yendawo. Ikwasasaza ikhubalo elide lenkcubeko yamaTshayina kubantu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye yakha utshintshiselwano lwenkcubeko phakathi kwenkcubeko yemveli yaseShaanxi kunye namazwe kwihlabathi liphela. Ibhulorho yandise umtsalane, isibheno kunye nefuthe lenkcubeko yesizwe saseTshayina kwihlabathi jikelele.

I-Tongguan Roujiamo iya ithandwa ngakumbi kwaye itsale umdla kumajelo eendaba amakhulu. I-CCTV "Ukutyeba", "Ngubani owazi isidlo saseTshayina", "Ikhaya leSidlo sakusihlwa", "i-Economic Half Hour" kunye nezinye iikholamu ziye zenza iingxelo ezikhethekileyo. I-Arhente yeNdaba ye-Xinhua ikhuthaze iTongguan Roujiamo ngokusebenzisa iikholamu ezinje nge "Tongguan Roujiamo Ukuphonononga uLwandle", "Ivumba leTongguan Roujiamo livumba elimnandi kuMawaka emizi" kunye "Neqhekeza leRoujiamo lityhila iKhowudi yoBuyiselo kwiShishini", eye yakhuthaza iTongguan. I-Roujiamo ukuba ibe luphawu lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iqonga lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubaleni amabali aseTshayina, ekusasazeni ilizwi laseTshayina, kunye nokunikezela ngeChina eyinyani, enemigangatho emithathu nebanzi. NgoDisemba ka-2023, uTongguan Roujiamo wakhethwa kwiprojekthi yophawu lwelizwe le-Xinhua News Agency, ephawula ukuba iTongguan Roujiamo iya kusebenzisa imithombo yeendaba etyebileyo ye-Xinhua News Agency, amajelo onxibelelwano anamandla kunye namandla okugqibela okucinga ukuba aphucule ngokubanzi ixabiso lophawu, ixabiso lezoqoqosho kunye ne-Xinhua News Agency. ixabiso lenkcubeko, ngakumbi ukubonisa umoya waseTshayina kunye namandla aseTshayina aqulethwe kuwo, kunye nomfanekiso omtsha we "World Roujiamo" ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuqaqamba ngakumbi.